FIRST NOBEL PRIZES AWARDED...
1901 The man who invented the most powerful explosives the world has ever seen hoped that they would put an end to war. "On the day two army crops can annihilate each other in one second all civilized nations will recoil war in horror,"the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel wrote to the peace Congress in 1892.
It was dynamite that Nobel invented, he made a fortune from his explosives factories.When he died in 1896,he left most of that fortune to a foundation to award annual prizes "to those who,in preceding year,shall have conferred the greatest benefit upon mankind". The first Nobel prizes,worth $30,000 each,were awarded in Oslo and Stockholm today,the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, for literature,chemistry,physics,medicine and peace.The first-ever Peace Prize was shared by Jean Henri Dunant,founder of the Red Cross, and Frederic Passy,founder of the French Society of the Friends of Peace. Till 2017, 111 prizes were awarded for Physics, 109 for Chemistry, 108 for Medicine, 110 for literature, 98 for Peace, and 49 for Economic Sciences.
Till now,12 Indians( 5 Indian citizens and & of Indian origin or residency) have been awarded Nobel Prizes, which includes Rabindranath Tagore for his work 'Gitanjali' in 1913,C.V. Raman for Physics in 1930,Mother Teresa for Peace in 1979,Amartya Sen for Economics in 1998, Hargobind Khorana for Medicine in 1968, Vekantraman Ramakrishnan for Chemistry in 2009.
2017 Nobel Prize Winners
| Category | Winners & Prize Share | Recognition For |
| Physics | Rainer Weiss (Prize Share: 1/2)
Barry C. Barish (Prize Share: 1/4)
Kips S. Thorne (Prize Share: 1/4)
| “for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves” |
| Chemistry | Jacques Dubochet (Prize Share: 1/3)
Joachim Frank (Prize Share: 1/3)
Richard Henderson (Prize Share: 1/3)
| “for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution” |
| Medicine/Physiology | Jeffrey C. Hall (Prize Share: 1/3)
Michael Rosbah (Prize Share: 1/3)
Michael W. Young (Prize Share: 1/3)
| “for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm” |
| Literature | Kazuo Ishigoru (Prize Share: 1/1) | “who, in novels of great emotional force, has uncovered the abyss beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world” |
| Peace | International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) – (Prize Share: 1/1) | “for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons”. |
| Economic Sciences | Richard H. Thaler (Prize Share: 1/1) | “for his contributions to behavioural economics” |
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